Vaccine News – 13 Year-Old Boy Permanently Disabled from Chicken Pox Vaccine Wins His Case in Vaccine Court – Eyes wide open yet?

The Amazing Dr. Franz from Orlando.
#gooddoctor #pediatrician #vaxxed #praybig #VaxxedDoctors

#VaxXed #PanRan2 #HepB #PanRan Again
Vaxxed team at Pan’s hep B meeting Aug. 9 at the capitol
https://www.periscope.tv/AutismMedia/1mnGekQVrpZxX?
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o6SFxxap6qc

A legal process has been initiated for a 5 year moratorium on childhood vaccines until tests can be conducted. This is not merely an internet petition, or a White House petition (although one has been started) but the beginning of a basis to take legal action — and we have a sympathetic ear in President Trump.
Full video to share with those not on Facebook – youtube.com/watch?v=rjGKqPoaS_w
#VaccineMoratorium #RevolutionForChoice #InformedConsent #Vaxxed #HearThisWell
Vaxxed – A Revolution For Choice

How will it end? What pivotal event will historians point to and say that was the day the madness ended? I think I know.
This is a studio version of a talk I gave at the CDCTruth event in Atlanta on October 15, 2016.
Shares work better than likes!

237 deaths by Pentavalent vaccine and still counting
By JACOB PULIYEL | NEW DELHI | 13 November, 2016
Under Right to Information we know that up to August 2016 there have been 237 deaths reported to the government here within 72 hours of vaccination with Pentavalent. We examined deaths in states which were giving DPT and Pentavalent vaccine concurrently.
There were three deaths following the use of Pentavalent vaccine in Sri Lanka. The Government of Sri Lanka suspended the use of the vaccine. WHO experts investigated the deaths. They found there was a clear temporal association of the deaths to the vaccine (WHO terminology, meaning the deaths followed soon after vaccination) and there was no alternate explanation for the deaths. According to the standard protocol in investigation of vaccine deaths these deaths would have to be declared as “probably” caused by Pentavalent vaccine. The experts balked at the prospect of giving such a report. No country would use this vaccine after that. Instead they wrote in their report that they were deleting “probable” and “possible” from the standard classification. The report maintained that although it was probably related to vaccine, they were reporting it as “unlikely” to be related to vaccination.
The full report was not published online, only the conclusion was made public.
The full report was presented to the Delhi High Court in a vaccine case. Once this devious methodology employed by the WHO experts was known, it was exposed by the British Medical Journal.
Following the exposé, the WHO set up a 40-member committee called the CIOMS/WHO committee. 19 of the 40 were representatives of vaccine manufacturers with conflicts of interest. They developed a new algorithm for investigating adverse events after immunization, which decreed that any reaction seen first in Phase 4 trial must be ignored.
When a drug is developed it is tested in a randomised controlled trial called the Phase 3 trial. The numbers tested are limited to a few thousand. If there is no adverse reaction the drug is licensed for Phase 4 trials with it given to a larger number. Reactions that happen less than 1 in 10,000 are noticed for the first time in Phase 4 trials. If the same reaction happens repeatedly it is considered as a “signal” that the reaction is caused by the drug and studies in the community in the form of case-control investigations are done to establish if the reactions happen in the community setting.

But here are the important questions regarding HPV:
If two doses are just as effective as three, why recommend three doses in the first place, especially for a vaccine that costs $120 per dose (the highest of the childhood vaccine schedule)? And would they have discovered this error if they had completed the full four years of safety/efficacy research instead of fast-tracking the vaccine? The new schedule recommends 6 to 12 months between the two doses. Are they increasing the time between doses to reduce the number of severe neurological reactions? Couldn’t they have discovered that if they had stuck to the four-year safety study? And more concerning, could this also be true for other vaccines?
Asking questions about whether or not vaccines are truly “safe and effective” doesn’t make you anti-vaccine. You have the right to know.
In an unprecedented move last November, the CDC announced they were reducing the number of doses of recommended HPV vaccine from 3 doses to 2 AND warning doctors to wait longer before giving the second dose. The 3-dose series has been the existing recommendation for nearly a decade, and on the current CDC schedule, which advises 70 doses of vaccines for all children, the HPV vaccine is recommended for all boys and girls 11 to 18 years old.
They say the reduced recommendation is to gain better compliance, but the reality is the CDC may have been overdosing American teens by putting the first two doses too close together, triggering severe neurological and autoimmune reactions. Research has shown that most severe side effects occurred after that second dose (given only 1 month after the first). And now the CDC has found that three doses, which they had been advising for 10 years, has no better efficacy – only more side effects. Isn’t this information something that should have been discovered during initial safety testing? And is there a chance there are unnecessary doses of other vaccines on the CDC schedule that may be causing more harm with no actual benefit?

Eyes wide open yet?
This is a 3 yr. Old little boy who is having a severe reaction to the chicken pox vaccine..
He was diagnosed yesterday and the Dr. states in his discharge papers that it was caused by the vaccine. This is his 2nd reaction to a vaccine. The symptom is the blisters that you see, and are very painful and itchy. He is attending an independent private school and apparently this is required..
Do we not see something severely wrong here??

CANCER IN KIDS?!!
Cancer is now the 2nd leading cause of DEATH in children.
Remember when it used to mostly affect older people. What’s going on here?
Could it be that most VACCINES contain a toxic additive called Formaldehyde that is KNOWN to cause cancer in humans when you inhale it?
Pharmaceutical companies would like you to think that when you inject it, it magically becomes “safe”. It is not safe in any amount and when injected, it’s far more potent than when inhaled. Pharma thinks we are stupid enough to believe in magic…but you are not falling for that lie, right?!!
NOT A COINCIDENCE!
#LearnTheRIsk #cancer #askWHY

Vaccine injury

13 Year-Old Boy Permanently Disabled from Chicken Pox Vaccine Wins His Case in Vaccine Court
A young man was recently awarded compensation in the United States Court of Federal Claims Vaccine Court, for injuries he sustained after being administered the hepatitis A and varicella vaccinations in 2009. After five long years of litigation, Health and Human Services (HHS), the Respondent in all vaccine injury cases, conceded that the varicella vaccination did in fact cause RD’s vaccine injury, transverse myelitis, which has left him a tetraplegic.
In November 2014, HHS conceded that the vaccination caused RD’s injuries. Even with this concession, his case continued for another year in the damages phase, during which time the parties continued to negotiate the amount of damages that RD would receive for his injuries. Although he was compensated for his suffering and injuries, the monetary award will never compensate for the lifelong effects this young man is suffering from his vaccine injury.
Five Long Years
RD was only 13 when his life changed forever. At a routine well-child visit in 2009, the doctor informed RD’s parents that he was due to receive the hepatitis A and varicella vaccinations. His parents complied with the doctor’s order and RD received the vaccinations.
RD’s mother explained that, at that time in RD’s state, only one dose of varicella vaccine was required and RD had already received one dose of that vaccine. This second dose that was administered to RD at this well visit was determined to be the cause of RD’s horrific injuries, and it was not even required for him, which his family didn’t realize until it was too late.
About 14 days later, RD began to experience excruciating pain shooting through his body along with tingling, numbness and paralysis of his limbs. After extensive testing and many invasive procedures, RD was diagnosed with transverse myelitis.

Breaking: interview with Vaxxed producer who was banned from Australia
Producer of film Vaxxed banned from Australia
by Jon Rappoport
August 9, 2017
Polly Tommey, producer of the famous documentary, Vaxxed (trailer), has been banned from Australia. If that sounds quite insane—it is.
Vaxxed has been screening across the world. It is an explosive revelation about egregious fraud at the US Centers for Disease Control (CDC).
The film focuses on the 2014 public confession of a long-time researcher at the CDC, William Thompson. Thompson admits that he and his colleagues committed a crime, by manipulating data to give the MMR vaccine a free pass, “proving” it had no connection to autism—when in fact, as Thompson states, the vaccine does raise the risk of autism in children.
Here are a few statements from the The Sydney Morning Herald’s report, headlined: “Anti-vaccination advocate ‘banned from Australia’ after documentary tour.”
“The producer Polly Tommey behind a controversial anti-vaccination film which has been touring Australia has been banned from returning to the country for three years, she claims.”
“Ms Tommey spearheaded a sold-out national roadshow of the documentary Vaxxed: From Cover-up to Catastrophe organised by the Australian Vaccinations-Skeptics Network.”
“In a video, posted to Youtube on Tuesday, Ms Tommey claimed authorities seized her phone and copied her emails as she left Australian soil to continue the New Zealand leg of the film tour.”

 

Vaccine news: The Vaccine Did It: Mutated MMR Mumps Virus in the Brain of a Child Caused His Death, British Researchers Confirm

Mary Holland, a professor from NYU Law School, discusses her life as an autism mother and activist in this wide-ranging interview.

New Guidelines for Safe Usage of Colloidal Silver
The Silver Safety Committee has announced its creation of the Silver Safety Pyramid, which is designed to enable anyone to easily determine safe usage levels of any dietary supplement containing silver, typically referred to as ionic silver or colloidal silver.
The Silver Safety Committee consists of doctors, chemistry professors and world leaders in health-freedom advocacy.
According to Herbert Slavin, M.D., director of the Institute of Advanced Medicine in Lauderhill, Florida, and a member of the Committee:
“This is an area where confusion and concern developed needlessly. Few things in life are as cut-and-dried as the fact that silver is completely safe when used within normal limits. The U.S. government provides a very clear guideline for the safe oral intake of silver. We’ve simply provided an easy method for applying that guideline to the safe use of any silver supplement product.”
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has a guideline called the Reference Dose (RfD) for safe limits on daily intake of silver. The EPA’s RfD guideline is specifically intended to keep a person’s intake of silver below the level that could possibly discolor the skin.
Says Jeffrey Blumer, M.D., Ph.D., director of the Center for Drug Research, the world’s largest clinical research center for pediatric drugs, and former director of the Greater Cleveland Poison Control Center:
“Common substances like table salt and aspirin are harmless with normal use, but excessive intake can become toxic and even life-threatening. With normal responsible usage, silver supplements are entirely harmless to humans.”
The Silver Safety Pyramid is based on the Committee’s Silver Safety Guideline, which recommends that a person’s intake of silver from dietary supplements be limited to 25 percent of the EPA’s recommended limit for total daily intake of silver.
It utilizes the Silver Safety Calculation, a simple mathematical formula that enables a person to easily determine how much to take of any silver-containing product to remain within the safety guidelines.

Study : Simultaneous sudden infant death syndrome.

J Forensic Leg Med. 2007 Feb;14(2):87-91.
Abstract
The simultaneous sudden deaths of twins rarely occur and therefore it has received limited attention in the medical literature. When the deaths of the twins meet the defined criteria for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) independently and take place within the same 24 h range it can be called as simultaneous SIDS (SSIDS). The case(s): Twin girls (3.5-month-old) were found dead by their mother in their crib, both in supine position. The infants were identical twins and delivered at a hospital by cesarean section. Both infants were healthy and did not have any serious medical history. Two days prior to the incident, the twins had received the second dose of oral polio, DPT and the first dose of hepatitis B vaccines and they had fever on the first day of the vaccination and been given teaspoonful of acetaminophen. Death scene investigation, judicial investigation, parental assessment, macroscopic and microscopic autopsy findings and the toxicological analysis did not yield any specific cause of death. The case(s) were referred to a supreme board composed of multidisciplinary medical professionals at the Institute of Forensic Medicine, Ministry of Justice, in Istanbul. The Board decided that the available data was consistent with SIDS. These SIDS case(s) are presented because twin SIDS are rare and this is the first time that a simultaneous twin SIDS have been reported in Turkey. Simultaneous SIDS cases have many implications regarding definition, diagnosis and medico-legal approach.

Study : A positive association found between autism prevalence and childhood vaccination uptake across the U.S. population.

J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2011;74(14):903-16. doi: 10.1080/15287394.2011.573736.

Abstract
The reason for the rapid rise of autism in the United States that began in the 1990s is a mystery. Although individuals probably have a genetic predisposition to develop autism, researchers suspect that one or more environmental triggers are also needed. One of those triggers might be the battery of vaccinations that young children receive. Using regression analysis and controlling for family income and ethnicity, the relationship between the proportion of children who received the recommended vaccines by age 2 years and the prevalence of autism (AUT) or speech or language impairment (SLI) in each U.S. state from 2001 and 2007 was determined. A positive and statistically significant relationship was found: The higher the proportion of children receiving recommended vaccinations, the higher was the prevalence of AUT or SLI. A 1% increase in vaccination was associated with an additional 680 children having AUT or SLI. Neither parental behavior nor access to care affected the results, since vaccination proportions were not significantly related (statistically) to any other disability or to the number of pediatricians in a U.S. state. The results suggest that although mercury has been removed from many vaccines, other culprits may link vaccines to autism. Further study into the relationship between vaccines and autism is warranted.

Dr. Andrew Wakefield, a British doctor, may understand the issue of vaccine-induced autism better than anyone on the planet. Listen to the doctor-turned filmmaker (Vaxxed) tell the truth about how to end the autism epidemic.

Ever wonder WHY we NEED a religious exemption from vaccines?
Are you aware that some vaccines are made from ABORTIONS?
Marcella Piper-Terry explains in detail how abortions are used in vaccine manufacturing and the implications of that.
Interview by Polly Tommey and camera by Joshua Coleman and Anu Vaidya with editing by Joshua Coleman.
The Vaxxed bus makes a special stop in Fort Wayne, Indiana to talk to Independent Researcher Marcella Piper-Terry about religious exemptions from vaccines and aborted fetal cells. Interview by Polly Tommey and camera by Joshua Coleman and Anu Vaidya with editing by Joshua Coleman.

Autism-Vaccine Theory Yet to Be Debunked
Contrary to the popular misconception, the autism-vaccine link has never been disproven. The autism-vaccine debate has been going around for decades, yet until recently, no official safety study has been done by the CDC itself. Many other studies done had either conflict of interest or insufficient data (most importantly, the CDC admits that a study comparing vaccinated versus unvaccinated children has never been done).
In 2004 when the CDC finally concluded a long-term study on vaccinations and autism in children, the results were not what they expected. They found a potential link between the two, primarily in African American boys, and decided to hide the information from the public.
Their study was published, but the significant information was not, instead it was literally thrown into a huge garbage can.
This came to light in 2014 when a senior scientist at the CDC, Dr. William Thompson came forward, admitting to what they did. Florida U.S. Representative Bill Posey spoke about it to the House of Representatives urging for an official investigation, but not much has been done since.
Healthy Children Can Become Horribly Sick After Vaccinations
For many, these stories are nothing but anecdotes, but for thousands of families who have gone through this (and doctors who witnessed it), it is a real tragedy. More people are coming forward with eerily similar stories. Seemingly healthy children become sick after receiving vaccinations (some within hours), and many never recover.
Public health officials and the CDC say that vaccines are necessary for public health, pointing to their effect on disease outbreaks such as polio, measles and other preventable diseases. But critics say they’re unwilling to fairly study or even discuss the other side of the question: vaccine injured people.
One of the reasons we might not hear about them is that the only place the affected families can go to report injuries is to VAERS, Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System, created by the CDC and FDA.
The site welcomes its visitors with: “Have you or your child had a reaction following vaccination?”
After that, families can ask for monetary compensation from what many call the vaccine court, an administrative procedure, which is run by a government program called 1986 National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act using government-funded science. The act was passed in large part because of lobbying from pharmaceutical companies, which now cannot be sued for anything related to the vaccines they make — a clear conflict of interest.
Most importantly, these hearings are not open to the public or press, so we rarely hear about them.
Porter Bridges developed brain damage after childhood vaccinations. Photo: Bought movie.
Some stories do find a way to get noticed. In 1994 the Bridges family filed a suit through the National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program, after their son Porter became autistic. In 2011 they won the case and received about $7 million. The court concluded that a combination of childhood vaccines caused Porter to have encephalopathy – brain damage.
(Porter’s story was thoroughly discussed in the movie Bought, a film bringing light to the money involved in the pharmaceutical industry and its effect in making vaccines).
Injuries such as encephalopathy are controversial because the defendants may say the child does not have autism, they have encephalopathy, and the link between autism and vaccines is therefore “disproved.”
But autism spectrum conditions have grown to include many symptoms, and the main one is brain developmental issues. Whether in the future, studies will be able to classify encephalopathy or brain damage and autism as the same thing, it’s worth noting that the two have many identical symptoms: confusion, memory issues, muscle weakness, twitching, trembling, difficulty speaking, seizures, and even coma.
And encephalopathy is a common vaccine injury. The VAERS site lists it as a possible result of the DTP shot (noticeable within 72 hours) and MMR (within 5-15 days).
One of the most famous MMR court cases is that of Bailey Banks. The court concluded that childhood vaccinations caused Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis or ADEM (intense brain swelling).
The true numbers of injured are hard to count, as many families never report them or ask for compensation knowing that it might take up to two decades to see the results.
Vaccine Pamphlets Themselves List Many Serious Side-Effects
Every vaccine comes with a long insert of side-effects, which are rarely shown to patients. And if one were to ask, doctors have been known to get upset.
Looking at an insert from any vaccine paints a similar picture. This is an insert for M-M-R II vaccine (measles, mumps, and rubella) made by Merck, one of the first biggest pharmaceutical companies.
First of all, the safety of this particular vaccine has been determined by studies on a small number of children, 284 total.
The vaccine has also never been studied for its effect on the development of the fetus in pregnant women.
The safety of this vaccine, when given before the age of 12 months, has not been established. It is also not 100% effective, like all vaccines.
Patients who may experience an adverse reaction are instructed to report it to VAERS.
The list of the adverse reactions reported is long, but what is particularly important are injuries to the nervous system:
Encephalitis; encephalopathy; measles inclusion body encephalitis (MIBE); subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE); Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS); acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM); transverse myelitis; febrile convulsions; afebrile convulsions or seizures; ataxia; polyneuritis; polyneuropathy; ocular palsies; paresthesia.
In the 2016 VAERS report (not yet complete), encephalopathy is mentioned many times, as well as autism (mentioned 97 times).
Patients’ families reported: “loss of speech, regression from previous milestones, a light went out from child’s eyes, fever, lethargy, refusing to eat, encephalopathy.”
“Difficulty breathing, fever, hive-like rashes. Currently being assessed for Autism spectrum, speech loss, occupational therapy, etc.”
“Insomnia, anxiety, paranoia, (GABA) seizures, tics…legs would suddenly give out and she would fall, acne, headaches, stomach aches, dizziness, regression, anemia, mood swings, emotional lability, cognitive decline, brain inflammation.”

If only half of America is properly vaccinated, where are the epidemics?
The argument for herd immunity was actually developed out of observations of natural immunity, not vaccination. Statisticians observed that populations were protected when sufficient members contracted the wild form of a disease, and subsequently acquired lifelong immunity. With vaccines, however, evidence shows that unvaccinated children may catch infectious diseases from vaccinated children. What is true of natural immunity is not true of vaccination.
The herd immunity argument has always been inconsistent. On the one hand, the theory goes, people who cannot receive vaccines for whatever reason are protected from the disease through a high level of vaccination in the rest of society. On the other hand, the theory continues, parents who don’t vaccinate their children put the health of wider society at risk. How can a handful of people not getting vaccinated be protected from getting sick, while at the same time being so disease-ridden that they make others sick? This doesn’t make sense.
While herd immunity may not exist, herd mentality most definitely does. Health authorities, media commentators, and schools and their parent–teacher associations waste no opportunity in perpetuating this myth. Proponents have done such a thorough job of convincing the public that a parent who questions it is treated like someone who thinks the earth is flat or believes climate change is a conspiracy. On the contrary: an unprejudiced view of the science about vaccines, and an examination of history, clearly show that the herd immunity theory is—and always has been—flawed.
Vaccines may have a place in our medical arsenal, but they are not the silver bullet they’re portrayed to be. Year after year the pharmaceutical industry, looking for lucrative new profit centers, churns out new vaccines. They use pseudo-science to convince the public that these products are safe and effective, and they use public shaming to convince the citizenry that non-compliance is a public health threat. This entire racket completely falls apart with a close examination of the herd immunity myth. Until we are honest in our assessment of both the safety and efficacy of vaccines, kids will continue to be hurt, rights will continue to be trampled, and mythology will continue to trump science.
Gretchen DuBeau is Executive Director of Alliance for Natural Health USA.

The Vaccine Did It: Mutated MMR Mumps Virus in the Brain of a Child Caused His Death, British Researchers Confirm
Posted on:
Sunday, January 22nd 2017 at 6:30 pm
Written By:
Celeste McGovern
The Vaccine Did It
A toddler who developed severe neurological symptoms including blindness associated with chronic encephalitis and died following MMR vaccination was found to have vaccine-derived mumps virus in his brain, a new study reports.
Published in the current issue of the journal, Acta Neuropathologica, the study is the first of its kind to conclusively demonstrate chronic brain damage in the form of “panencephalitis” due to a vaccine-derived strain of the mumps virus. In light of a recent epidemic of mumps in highly vaccinated populations, the research raises questions about the dangers of live vaccine virus mutations and about public health claims that the MMR is a completely safe and effective vaccine without serious side effects.
MMR, BRAIN INFECTION AND DEATH
The study describes an 18-month old infant who was diagnosed with Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Disease (SCID) — a serious immune system defect that may follow infection — four months after he received the triple Measles Mumps Rubella vaccine that contains live viruses.
The baby was treated for the illness but six months later became ill again with fever, rash, diarrhoea, lethargy and seizures. MRI scans of his brain showed evidence of encephalitis — brain inflammation due to infection.
The toddler was treated with antimicrobials, antivirals and steroids and sent home on anticonvulsant drugs.  Over the next few months, behavioural problems became obvious, his hearing was impaired and his speech and language were delayed. A year later, by then four years old, he was still suffering from seizures and he became increasingly lethargic, disoriented and agitated. His walking was increasingly uncoordinated and he began to lose his eyesight.
A repeat MRI scan of the boy’s brain revealed abnormalities and a brain biopsy was taken at Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children in London. It revealed neuronal death and evidence of central nervous system damage and chronic inflammation. Despite aggressive treatment, his seizures increased, he became weak on his left side, went blind and the five-year-old died seven weeks later.
VACCINE VIRUS CONFIRMED
Spinal fluid and urine samples collected during the boy’s last hospitalisation, as well as RNA re-extracted from his brain biopsy, were sent to the Public Health England Virus Reference Laboratory for sequencing.
Researchers, led by Sofia Morfopoulou of the Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, and at the National Institute for Biological Standards and Control, used deep sequencing technology to identify the MuV -JL5 vaccine virus strain in the boy’s brain biopsy which was negative for all other viruses.
Genetic Drift and Outbreaks
Mutations in the mumps vaccine virus from that in the batch of the vaccine the boy had received were also detected. The study refers to a 2015 study confirming “genetic instability” of mumps vaccine virus that leads to “genetic drift” between different vaccine batches and may explain why some mumps vaccines induce more serious adverse reactions than others, especially when they are grown on different media.
This science may also explain why the mumps vaccine is failing. A recent outbreak among more than 1,600 mostly vaccinated people in Arkansas has public health officers there admitting that the vaccine isn’t protecting against emerging new strains of the virus.
It’s part of a growing phenomenon that scientists are reporting in many vaccines called “sero-conversion” – when vaccines diminish the strain of a virus they are targeting, but another strain of the same virus blooms — just as antibiotics wipe out bacterial infections but leave antibiotic-resistant superbugs to thrive.

Study : The administration of intranasal live attenuated influenza vaccine induces changes in the nasal microbiota and nasal epithelium gene expression profiles
Background
Viral infections such as influenza have been shown to predispose hosts to increased colonization of the respiratory tract by pathogenic bacteria and secondary bacterial pneumonia. To examine how viral infections and host antiviral immune responses alter the upper respiratory microbiota, we analyzed nasal bacterial composition by 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing in healthy adults at baseline and at 1 to 2 weeks and 4 to 6 weeks following instillation of live attenuated influenza vaccine or intranasal sterile saline. A subset of these samples was submitted for microarray host gene expression profiling.
Results
We found that live attenuated influenza vaccination led to significant changes in microbial community structure, diversity, and core taxonomic membership as well as increases in the relative abundances of Staphylococcus and Bacteroides genera (both p < 0.05). Hypergeometric testing for the enrichment of gene ontology terms in the vaccinated group reflected a robust up-regulation of type I and type II interferon-stimulated genes in the vaccinated group relative to controls. Translational murine studies showed that poly I:C administration did in fact permit greater nasal Staphylococcus aureus persistence, a response absent in interferon alpha/beta receptor deficient mice.
Conclusions
Collectively, our findings demonstrate that although the human nasal bacterial community is heterogeneous and typically individually robust, activation of a type I interferon (IFN)-mediated antiviral response may foster the disproportionate emergence of potentially pathogenic species such as S. aureus.

Study:  In vitro and in vivo growth alter the population dynamic and properties of a Jeryl Lynn mumps vaccine

PDF source

Sarah M. Connaughton, Jun X. Wheeler, Eva Vitková, Philip Minor and Silke Schepelmann
Vaccine, 2015-08-26, Volume 33, Issue 36, Pages 4586-4593, Copyright © 2015 The Authors
Highlights
•    Mumps vaccines contain live attenuated viruses that are manufactured in cell substrates.
•    The production of the JL-CK vaccine in primary canine kidney cells is atypical.
•    Genetic changes introduced by different cell types have not been investigated.
•    JL-CK vaccine contains a unique mix of mumps viruses that have acquired a number of mutations.
•    Growth in cell or animal substrates dramatically alters the population dynamic of JL-CK.
Abstract
Mumps vaccines are live attenuated viruses. They are known to vary in effectiveness, degree of attenuation and adverse event profile. However, the underlying reasons are poorly understood. We studied two closely related mumps vaccines which originate from the same attenuated Jeryl Lynn-5 strain but have different efficacies. Jeryl Lynn-Canine Kidney (JL-CK), produced on primary canine kidney cells, is less effective than RIT4385, which is produced on chicken embryo fibroblasts. JL-CK and RIT4385 could be distinguished by a number of in vitro and in vivo properties. JL-CK produced heterogeneous, generally smaller plaques than RIT4385, but gave 100-fold higher titres when grown in cells and showed a higher degree of hydrocephalus formation in neonatal rat brains. Sanger sequencing of JL-CK identified 14 regions of heterogeneity throughout the genome. Plaque purification of JL-CK demonstrated the presence of five different Jeryl Lynn-5 variants encompassing the 14 mutations. One JL-CK mutation was associated with a small plaque phenotype, the effects of the others in vitro or in vivo were less clear. Only 4% of the JL-CK population corresponded to the parental Jeryl Lynn-5 strain. Next generation sequencing of JL-CK and virus before and after growth in cell lines or neonatal rat brains showed that propagation in vitro or in vivo altered the population dramatically. Our findings indicate that growth of JL-CK in primary canine kidney cells resulted in the selection of a mixture of mumps virus variants that have different biological properties compared to the parent Jeryl Lynn-5 virus. We also report three previously unknown heterogenic regions within the N gene of the RIT4385 vaccine.